Phase II Study of Bay 43-9006 (Sorafenib) With Evaluation of RAS Signal Pathway in Patients With Relapsed Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Despite advances in systemic chemotherapy, patients with stage IV NSCLC will die from their
disease. The median survival of all patients is 8-16 months, with a one year-survival rate
of 33%. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment of advanced disease. Based on available
data from randomized trials, current treatment recommendations are to treat with one of
several effective cisplatin-doublets which have resulted in median survival of 16 to 18
months. Second line chemotherapy is able to improve outcome in patients who have had prior
cisplatin therapy. Although these important milestones represent improvements in the care
of patients with metastatic NSCLC, outcome has not been able to be further improved by
substituting one active drug for another in a platinum-based doublet, treating patients with
more than four cycles of chemotherapy or by using cisplatin-based triplets. It is clear
that if we are to improve outcome of NSCLC patients, we will need to develop drugs with
novel mechanisms of action that perhaps will inhibit major cellular signaling pathways
affecting survival, proliferation and angiogenesis. One new compound, BAY 43-9006, was
designed to inhibit Raf and is also known to inhibit other kinases including VEGFR2, VEGFR3,
PDGFR-beta, Flt3, c-KIT, and p38(1). BAY 43-9006 has shown in vitro activity against NSCLC
cell lines NCI-H460 and A549 with tumor growth inhibition of 27% to 68%. In addition, BAY
43-9006 has shown activity in the H460 NSCLC xenograft model. In NSCLC, the proliferation
signaling of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway is increased due to the frequent (30%) presence of
K-ras mutations in the tumor. Mutations in K-ras have been associated with malignant
transformation of normal epithelium and constitutive activation of p21 and its downstream
effects on cellular proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. Clinical observations have
shown that tumors with K-ras mutations tended to be smaller but more poorly differentiated,
and associated with a significantly worse three-year mortality rate. As mentioned above,
other pathways significant to the malignant potential of NSCLC, particularly those involved
in angiogenesis, may also be affected by BAY 43-9006. The in vitro and in vivo data support
the clinical investigation of BAY 43-9006 as an inhibitor of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK downstream
proliferation effects. The goal of this phase II trial is to determinate if BAY 43-9006 is
active in NSCLC, and to measure the BAY 43-9006 biological effects on the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK
pathway. To achieve these goals, patients with relapsed or recurrent NSCLC will be given
BAY 43-9006 (four weeks cycle of 400mg PO BID). A series of correlative studies will be
done during treatment to measure biological and clinical effects of BAY 43-9006. These
studies will include analyses of tissue and blood samples as well as correlative imaging
studies.
Interventional
Allocation: Non-Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment
Response Rate
Percentage of participants with response rate = CR + PR. Response will be evaluated by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria. CR (complete response) is the disappearance of all target lesions; PR (partial response) is a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; PD (progressive disease) is a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; and SD (stable disease) are small changes that do not meet the above criteria. Please see the Protocol Link module for additional information about RECIST if desired.
17 months
No
Giuseppe Giaccone, M.D., Ph.D.
Principal Investigator
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
United States: Federal Government
050049
NCT00098254
December 2004
January 2011
Name | Location |
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National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike | Bethesda, Maryland 20892 |