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The Effects of Thyroid Hormone on Cytochrome P450 and P-Glycoprotein Activity in Thyroid Cancer Patients


Phase 2
N/A
N/A
Not Enrolling
Both
Thyroid Cancer

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Trial Information

The Effects of Thyroid Hormone on Cytochrome P450 and P-Glycoprotein Activity in Thyroid Cancer Patients


Interaction between thyroid hormones and commonly prescribed drugs has been well documented,
resulting in augmentation or attenuation of the action of either compound. Phase I drug
metabolism is mediated mostly by enzymes belonging to the cytochrome p450 superfamily.
Studies in animals and cell cultures have shown that thyroid hormones play an important role
in the constitutive expression of the p450 enzymes, thus potentially altering the metabolism
and the effects of a variety of drugs. P-glycoprotein is expressed in the major organs
associated with drug absorption, distribution, and elimination from the body (e.g.
intestine, kidney, liver, skin, and the blood-brain barrier). Expression of intestinal
P-glycoprotein in humans also appears to be influenced by thyroid hormones. We intend to
study the effect of thyroid hormones on the activity of CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and
P-glycoprotein by using a five-drug cocktail (caffeine, omeprazole, dextromethorphan,
midazolam, and fexofenadine) administered in patients with thyroid cancer, both on thyroid
hormone suppression therapy (in conditions of subclinical hyperthyroidism) and off this
treatment (in conditions of hypothyroidism) at the time of their routine radioactive iodine
scan. Additionally we will perform two skin biopsies in order to assess the pattern of
expression of metabolic enzymes and drug transport proteins on and off thyroid hormone
suppression therapy.

Inclusion Criteria


INCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Subject has signed the informed consent document;

2. Subject is greater than or equal to 18 years of age;

3. Subjects diagnosed with thyroid cancer participating in protocol 77DK0096;

4. Subjects receiving THST with levothyroxine;

5. Serum TSH less than 0.4 mIU/L while on THST, and more than 20 mIU/L while off THST.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Subject is pregnant, currently breast-feeding, practicing birth control with hormonal
contraceptives, or is on hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Subject is a smoker.

Subject has a confounding medical illness (es) that in the judgement of the investigators
would pose an added risk for the subject (e.g. severe respiratory disease).

Subject has a history of substance abuse within the past 5 years or drug or alcohol use,
that may affect enzyme levels and function.

Caffeine or caffeine-containing beverages and chocolate bars consumption within 48 hours
of scheduled caffeine administration for CYP1A2 phenotyping; scheduled omeprazole
administration during or within 14 days of the study; scheduled dextromethorphan
administration during or within 30 days of study; scheduled fexofenadine administration
during or within 7 days of the study.

AST or ALT greater than or equal to 2 times the upper normal reference limit.

Concurrent administration of known CYP and/or P-gp inducers (barbiturates, phenytoin,
carbamazepine, rifampicin) and inhibitors (amiodarone, atorvastatin, chloroquine,
cimetidine, co-trimoxazole, cyclosporine, diltazem, erythromycin, fluoxetine fluvoxamine,
isoniazid, itrakonazole, ketokonazole, metronidazole, mexiletine, nefazadone, norfloxacin,
verapamil) or use of any alternative/complementary therapies for at least 30 days prior to
study or during the study. Non-herbal vitamin and mineral preparations will be allowed.

Inability to obtain venous access for sample collection, or basal hemoglobin of equal or
less than 10 g/dl.

Patients receiving scheduled therapy with alprazolam, triazolam, clonazepam, diazepam,
lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam or chlorodiazepoxide, during or within 30 days of study.

Patients consuming grapefruit products (juice or the fresh fruit), apple and orange juice
during or within 72 hrs of study.

History of intolerance to caffiene, omeprazole, dextromethorphan, midazolam or
fexofenadine.

The presence of persistent diarrhea or malabsorption syndromes that would interfere with
the patient's ability to adequately absorb drugs; and/or

Patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as phenelzine,
tranylcypromine, and isocarboxazid.

Patients with a history of cheloids formation.

Type of Study:

Interventional

Study Design:

Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Authority:

United States: Federal Government

Study ID:

040140

NCT ID:

NCT00080574

Start Date:

April 2004

Completion Date:

November 2005

Related Keywords:

  • Thyroid Cancer
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Drug Metabolism
  • Levothyroxine
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Drug Interactions
  • Cytochrome P450
  • P-Glycoprotein
  • Drug Transport Proteins
  • Thyroid Hormone
  • Thyroid Cancer
  • Thyroid Neoplasms
  • Thyroid Diseases

Name

Location

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Bethesda, Maryland  20892