Inclusion Criteria:

- Male or female patients between 18 and 75 years of age, who will undergo first Kidney
Transplantation or whole Liver Transplantation from a cadaveric or donation after
cardiac death (DCD) organ donor;

- Fertile female patients must use a reliable contraception method;

- Informed consent given by patient or his/next of kin if the patient is unable to give
informed consent, for the complete (MSC + follow-up) or partial(no MSC + follow-up)
study;

- Successful liver/kidney transplantation, demonstration of organ function (improvement
of INR in liver recipients and of creatinine in kidney recipients at 24-36h) and
normal graft vasculature at Doppler examination.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Past history of malignant disease, with the exception of hepatocarcinoma within the
Milan criteria for the Liver Transplantation patients;

- Active uncontrolled infection;

- HIV or HCV positive;

- EBV-negative;

- Retransplantation;

- Combined transplantation;

- Living related transplantation or split liver transplantation;

- Autoimmune disease or expected impossibility to wean immunosuppression (Liver
Transplantation) or corticosteroids (Kidney Transplantation);

- Endotracheal intubation;

- Postoperative cardiovascular instability, active hemorrhage, or any other serious
clinical complication between transplantation and evaluation for suitability for MSC
infusion;

- For Kidney Transplantation: panel reactive antibodies (PRA) >50%.