Inclusion Criteria:

1. Signed written informed consent

2. Age > 18 at the day of inclusion

3. Patients with high risk AML or advanced MDS (IPSS score ≥ intermediate 2) scheduled
for an allogeneic SCT from HLA-matched related or unrelated donor

4. Patients fulfilling at least one of the following risk factors:

- Contraindication for conventional conditioning therapy

- Relapsed or refractory to induction therapy

5. Adequate renal, hepatic and cardiac functions as indicated by the following values:

- Serum creatinine ≤ 1.0 mg/dL; if serum creatinine > 1.0 mg/dL, then the
estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) must be > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2

- Serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)

- Aspartate transaminase (AST) / alanine transaminase ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN

- Alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 x ULN

- Left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 50 %

6. Capable of understanding the investigational nature, potential risks and benefits of
the study, and able to provide valid informed consent

7. Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test
at the day of inclusion

8. Female patients must meet one of the following criteria:

- For female patients ≥ 50 years of age at the day of inclusion: Menopause since
at least 1 year

- Female patients < 50 years of age at the day of inclusion who meet all of the
following criteria:

- menopause since at least 1 year

- serum FSH levels > 40 MIU/mL

- serum estrogen levels < 30 pg/mL or negative estrogen test

- 6 weeks after surgical sterilization by bilateral tubal ligation or bilateral
ovariectomy with or without hysterectomy

- Correct use of two reliable contraception methods from the time of screening and
during the study for a minimum of 90 days after the last administration of study
medication. This includes every combination of a hormonal contraceptive (such as
oral, injection, transdermal patch, implant, cervical ring) or of an
intrauterine device (IUD) with a barrier method (diaphragm, cervical cap, Lea
contraceptive, femidom or condom) or with a spermicide. In case the patient
takes hormone preparations for suppression of menstruation during the period of
aplasia, a suitable and effective method of contraception has to be discussed
with the investigator and used by the patient

- General sexual abstinence from the time of screening, during the study until a
minimum of 90 days after the last administration of study medication

- Having only female sexual partners

- Monogamous relationship with sterile male partner

9. Male patients must meet one of the following criteria:

- 6 weeks after surgical sterilization by vasectomy

- Correct use of two reliable contraception methods from the time of screening and
during the study for a minimum of 90 days after the last administration of study
medication. This includes every combination of a hormonal contraceptive (such as
oral, injection, transdermal patch, implant, cervical ring) or of an
intrauterine device (IUD) with a barrier method (diaphragm, cervical cap, Lea
contraceptive, femidom or condom) or with a spermicide.

- General sexual abstinence from the time of screening, during the study until a
minimum of 90 days after the last administration of study medication

- Having only male sexual partners

- Monogamous relationship with sterile female partner

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia with t(15;17)

2. Current concomitant chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunotherapy other than as
specified in the protocol

3. Any anticancer therapy within 2 weeks before study entry with the exception of
hydroxyurea. The patient must have recovered from all acute toxicities from any
previous therapy

4. Current participation in any other clinical trial and/or participation in another
clinical trial within 30 days before the trial begins

5. Have any other severe concurrent disease, or have a history of serious organ
dysfunction or disease involving the heart (heart insufficiency ≥ NYHA II), kidney
(serum creatinine > 1.5 x normal serum level), liver (bilirubin > 1.5 x normal serum
level, AST / ALT, AP > 2.5 x normal serum level), or other organ system that may
place the patient at undue risk to undergo treatment

6. Patients with a systemic fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection not controlled
(defined as exhibiting ongoing signs/symptoms related to the infection and without
improvement, despite appropriate antibiotics or other treatment)

7. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity

8. Pregnant or lactating patients

9. Any significant concurrent disease, illness, or psychiatric disorder that would
compromise patient safety or compliance, interfere with consent, study participation,
follow up, or interpretation of study results

10. Have had a diagnosis of another malignancy, unless the patient has been disease-free
for at least 3 years following the completion of curative intent therapy, with the
following exceptions:

- Patients with treated non-melanoma skin cancer, in situ carcinoma, or cervical
intraepithelial neoplasia, regardless of the disease-free duration, are eligible
for this study if definitive treatment for the condition has been completed

- Patients with organ-confined prostate cancer with no evidence of recurrent or
progressive disease based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values are also
eligible for this study if hormonal therapy has been initiated or a radical
prostatectomy has been performed