Inclusion Criteria:

1. Aged of 65 to 79 years

2. With a morphologically proven diagnosis of AML according to WHO classification either
de novo or AML with "myelodysplasia related changes"

3. Not previously treated for AML

4. Signed informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. APL in the WHO classification.

2. Ph1-positive AML or prior Ph1-positive disease

3. AML evolving from a prior MPN in the WHO 2008 classification.

4. Prior treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy for another tumor

5. Prior tumor, if not stable for at least two years, except in-situ carcinoma and skin
carcinoma

6. Prior advanced malignant hepatic tumor

7. ECOG Performance Status Score > 2

8. Creatinine level more than 2x's the upper limit of the normal range (ULN) at the
laboratory where the analysis was performed, except if AML-related.

9. Total serum bilirubin more than 2x's the ULN at the laboratory where the analysis was
performed, except if AML-related.

10. AST (SGOT) or ALT (SGPT) more than 2.5x's the ULN at the laboratory where the
analysis was performed, except if AML-related

11. LVEF less than.55 or equivalent by doppler echocardiography

12. Known intolerance to Azacitidine, mannitol, retinoids

13. Positive serum test for HIV and HTLV-1

14. NYHA Grade 3/4 cardiac disease .

15. Severe infection at inclusion time.

16. Psychiatric disease or an history of non-compliance to medical regimens or patients
considered potentially unreliable.

17. Absence of health care insurance (affiliation à un régime de Sécurité Sociale)

18. Participation to any study requiring informed consent