Inclusion Criteria:

Patient factor

- Age > 18

- Child-Pugh A or B cirrhosis

- ECOG performance status Grade 2 or below

- No serious concurrent medical illness

- No prior treatment (including surgery) for HCC

Tumor factor

- Histologically or cytologically proven HCC (an alphafetoprotein level > 500 ug/ml in
the presence of radiological findings suggestive of HCC in a patient with chronic HBV
or HCV infection can be considered eligible at investigator's discretion)

- Unresectable and locally advanced disease without extra-hepatic disease

- Massive expansive or nodular tumor morphology with measurable lesion on CT

- Size of largest tumor <= 15cm in largest dimension

- Number of main tumor <= 5, excluding associated small satellite lesions.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patient factor

- History of prior malignancy except skin cancer

- History of significant concurrent medical illness such as ischemic heart disease or
heart failure

- History of acute tumor rupture

- Serum creatinine level > 180 umol/L

- Presence of biliary obstruction not amenable to percutaneous drainage

- Child-Pugh C cirrhosis

Evidence of poor liver function

- History of hepatic encephalopathy, or

- Intractable ascites not controllable by medical therapy, or

- History of variceal bleeding within last 3 months, or

- Serum total bilirubin level > 50 umol/L, or

- Serum albumin level < 28g/L, or

- INR > 1.3

Tumor factor

- Presence of extrahepatic metastasis

- Predominantly infiltrative lesion

- Diffuse tumor morphology with extensive lesions involving both lobes.

Vascular complications

- Hepatic artery thrombosis, or

- Partial or complete thrombosis of the main portal vein, or

- Tumor invasion of portal branch of contralateral lobe, or

- Hepatic vein tumor thrombus, or

- Significant arterioportal shunt not amenable to shunt blockage, or

- Significant arteriovenous shunt not amenable to shunt blockage