Inclusion Criteria

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Forty normal volunteers will be included. Normal volunteers would be recruited from
people who are registered as HMCS Normal Volunteers. All subjects participating in this
study should have a valid Clinical Center Medical Record Number. Procedures for the
experiment will follow the Standard Operating Procedures of HMCS TMS group.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Contraindications for TMS;

Magnetic stimulation will not be performed in people who have pacemakers, implanted pumps
or stimulators, or have metal objects inside the eye or skull. If the participants find
the procedures too uncomfortable, they may discontinue the study at any time. Brain
functions at a development stage are out of scope of this particular experiment. In this
study, subjects 18 years or older will be included.

Contraindications for MRI;

Pacemakers, brain stimulators, dental implants or metallic braces, aneurysm clips (metal
clips on the wall of a large artery), metallic prostheses (including metal pins and rods,
heart valves, and cochlear implants), permanent eyeliner, insulin pump, or shrapnel
fragments. Welders and metal workers are also at risk for injury because of possible
small metal fragments in the eye which they may be unaware. Subjects will be screened for
these contraindications prior to the study.

Subjects with previous or current neuropsychiatric disorders will be excluded. Patients
with MRI findings consistent with organic brain lesions such as brain tumors, stroke, or
trauma will be excluded. Subjects not capable of giving informed consent will be
excluded.

We will not scan pregnant women with MRI because safety of high magnetic field to fetus is
not established. Therefore, we will administer a urine pregnancy test for any female
subject of childbearing potential prior to MRI scan. Brain functions at a developmental
stage are out of scope of this particular experiment. In this study, subjects aged 18
years or older will be included.