Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adult candidates of first or repeat kidney transplant HLA identical living donors;

2. Patient who signed the informed consent form to participate in this study;

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients were excluded if they had been receiving immunosuppressive therapy before
transplantation;

2. Patients who received an investigational medication within the past 12 months;

3. Patients with suspected or known to have an infection or were seropositive for
hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against hepatitis B core antigen
(anti-HBcAg), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV);

4. Patient who had had cancer (except nonmelanoma skin cancer) within the previous 2
years.

5. Pregnant women, nursing mothers, and women of childbearing potential who were not
using condoms or oral contraceptives were excluded.