Inclusion Criteria:

1. Normal health control

2. Women with reproductive endocrine disturbance menstrual irregularity, and/or
polycystic ovary syndrome.

Exclusion Criteria:

- The following subjects were excluded from the study and control populations:

1. women who experienced menarche less than 3 years prior to the start of the
study;

2. women who received hormones, antioxidants or drugs for major medical diseases
such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease; and

3. women who were older than 45.