Inclusion Criteria:

- Patients must have histologically documented adenocarcinoma of the prostate with
progressive systemic disease (either rising PSA or progression of disease on CT scan
or magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] or bone scan) despite castrate levels of
testosterone due to orchiectomy or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)
agonist or antagonist; castrate levels of testosterone must be maintained throughout
the study

- Evidence of metastatic disease on CT or bone imaging

- Patients must have demonstrated evidence of progressive disease since the most recent
change in therapy; progressive disease is defined as any one of the following
(measurable disease, bone scan, or PSA progression):

- Measurable Disease Progression: Objective evidence of increase > 20% in the sum
of the longest diameters (LD) of target lesions from the time of maximal
regression or the appearance of one or more new lesions

- Bone Scan Progression: Appearance of two or more new lesions on bone scan
attributable to prostate cancer will constitute progression

- PSA Progression: Two successive rises from baseline PSA separated at least by
one week with the last value >= 2 ng/mL

- Asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic from prostate cancer - no symptoms attributed
to prostate cancer greater than Grade I using NCI CTCAE Version 4.0 grading of
toxicities

- Secondary hormonal therapies (e.g., abiraterone acetate, flutamide, estrogen) must be
discontinued for at least 4 weeks prior to study enrollment unless the duration of
the therapy was less than 8 weeks and there was no demonstrated decrease in PSA

- Secondary hormonal therapies with bicalutamide or nilutamide must be discontinued for
6 weeks unless duration of therapy was less than 8 weeks and there was no
demonstrated PSA decrease

- Prior abiraterone (or investigational anti-androgen) use is allowed; these too will
need to be discontinued at least 4 weeks prior to study enrollment

- PSA prior to treatment must be >= 2 ng/ml

- Castrate testosterone level (< 50 ng/dL)

- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =< 2 (Karnofsky >= 60%)

- No prior chemotherapy unless utilized in neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting and must have
completed > 6 months prior to enrollment

- Four weeks since major surgery or radiation therapy

- Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mcL

- Platelets >= 100,000/mcL

- Total bilirubin within normal institutional limits

- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
[SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT])
=< 2.0 X institutional upper limit of normal

- Creatinine within normal institutional limits OR creatinine clearance >= 40
mL/min/1.73 m^2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal

- Patients must have signed an informed consent document stating that they understand
the investigational nature of the proposed treatment

- Men and any female partners of child-bearing potential must agree to use adequate
contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control) prior to study entry and
for the duration of study participation and for additional 2 months after finishing
therapy

- Bisphosphonate or denosumab therapy is permitted provided patients began therapy
prior to registration and that they continue them as per the manufacturer's
guidelines and/or per institutional practice; patients not taking ongoing
bisphosphonate or denosumab therapy will not be permitted to start such therapy until
they have completed 12 weeks of study treatment

- Patients must be able to swallow pills to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

- Patients who have radiotherapy within 4 weeks or chemotherapy prior to entering the
study or those who have not recovered (resolution to Grade 1) from adverse events due
to agents administered more than 4 weeks earlier; neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy
for local disease is allowed if greater than 6 months have elapsed

- Previous C-MET inhibitor treatment (either monoclonal antibody to C-MET or human
growth factor [HGF] or small molecule inhibitory to C-MET)

- History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic
composition ARQ 197

- Caution should be used with patients receiving inhibitors of CYP2C19 and strong
inhibitors of CYP3A4; additional hematologic testing will be advised if the
medication cannot be substituted

- Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active
infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac
arrhythmia, or known psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit
compliance with study requirements

- Known brain metastasis

- Current, recent (within 4 weeks of the first study drug administration), or
concurrent planned participation in another investigational therapeutic study

- Patients with a "currently active" second malignancy other than non-melanoma skin
cancers are not to be registered; patients are not considered to have a "currently
active" malignancy if they have completed therapy and are now considered to be at
less than 30% risk for relapse (by their physician)

- Patients may continue on a daily Multi-Vitamin and Calcium/Vitamin D supplements; all
other herbal, alternative, and food supplements (i.e., PC-SPES, Saw Palmetto, St.
John wort, etc.) must be discontinued before registration

- New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or greater congestive heart failure

- History of myocardial infarction or unstable angina within 6 months prior to initial
treatment

- History of severely impaired lung function

- Baseline electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities including first degree (PR interval >
210 ms), second degree, or third degree heart block (exception: patients with
pacemakers may be enrolled); QRS prolongation or bundle branch block (QRS >= 120 ms),
or QT prolongation (per institutional standard of care: QTcF or QTcB >= 470 ms);
other ECG abnormalities will need consideration by the treating investigator and
enrollment is up to his/her discretion

- Presence of non-healing wound, active ulcer, or untreated bone fracture

- Known diabetics that have poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (glycated hemoglobin
[HbA1c] >= 8.0%) or fasting glucose level >= 189 mg/dL (diabetic patient); patients
may be potentially eligible once anti-diabetic agent(s) are either added or titrated
to control their diabetes mellitus

- Active liver disease (AST or ALT >= 2.0 times the upper limit of normal [ULN] or
total bilirubin >= 1.5 times ULN) or gallbladder disease; patients with known liver
cirrhosis or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C) will also be excluded

- A known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity

- Impairment of gastrointestinal function or gastrointestinal disease that may
significantly alter the absorption of ARQ 197 (e.g., uncontrolled nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome, or significant small bowel resection)

- Patients with an active bleeding diathesis