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Phase 4
12 Years
70 Years
Open (Enrolling)
Both
Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Trial Information


Setting The study would be conducted at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New
Delhi, a tertiary care teaching hospital, in the departments of Gastroenetrology and
Radiodiagnosis.

Sample size Taking RFA as a standard procedure with an estimated success rate of 95%, a
sample size of minimum 27 for each arm is required to detect an equivalence difference of
10%, assuming that PAI has a success rate of 85%. This sample size is expected to provide a
power of 80%.

Randomization

- Stratified randomization of Child A and B will be done.

- Randomization into A (Acetic acid) and B (Radiofrequency ablation) will be done.

Diagnostic criteria

- Cirrhosis of liver- Diagnosis will be founded on the basis of clinical, biochemical,
imaging and endoscopy findings.

Hepatocellular carcinoma- when any one of the following is present

1. Two imaging modalities (dual phase CT (DPCT)/ contrast enhanced Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI)) showing arterialization of the hepatic mass

2. AFP more than 400ng/ml along with arterialisation on one imaging modality (DPCT/
contrast enhanced MRI)

3. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)

Definitions

1. Local recurrence : When the Triple phase CT shows-

- An area of nodular enhancement that abuts or surrounds the ablation defect or
protrudes into the low attenuating necrotic tissue (may sometimes be seen only on
arterial phase of CT)

- Recurrent soft tissue causing distortion of the otherwise smooth interphase with
the adjoining liver parenchyma.

2. Fresh lesion- When a new lesion is seen in the liver at a site other than the primary
site of the treated lesion with normal liver parenchyma intervening in between will be
considered as a fresh lesion.

3. Residual disease or incomplete ablation When the follow up Triple phase CT shows-

- Residual nodular enhancement that abuts or surrounds the low attenuating ablation
defect or protrudes into the low attenuating necrotic tissue (may sometimes be
seen only on arterial phase of CT)

- Residual soft tissue causing distortion of the otherwise smooth interphase with
the adjoining liver parenchyma.

- Concenteric hyperemia around the low attenuating defect showing area of focal
nodularity or asymmetric thickness.

4. End point of ablation When the Triple phase CT shows-

- A homogenous, well defined, uniformly low attenuating defect larger than the
pretreatment size.

- No residual soft tissue seen within or at the periphery of the low attenuating
defect

- Concentric hyperemia around the low attenuating defect of uniform thickness with
no focal nodularity.

Follow up

1. Clinical follow up

- All patients would be followed up in the Liver clinic monthly unless their
clinical condition warrants earlier follow up

- Liver function tests/ complete blood count would also be done at each visit and
Alfafetoprotein (AFP) every six months

- Patient tolerance, child's status would be estimated.

2. Imaging follow up

- At one month, a dual phase CT would be done to ascertain the local response to
therapy and the need to repeat the procedure. After achieving the end point after
ablation (PAI and RFA, the DPCT would be done at 3 and 6 monthly intervals.

Duration of follow up - Since more than 80% recurrence occurs in 2 years therefore the
duration of follow up would be 2 years after ablation.


Inclusion Criteria:



- Child's A or B cirrhosis with liver mass.

- Number of liver masses not more than 5 and the size of each <5cm in diameter.

- No extrahepatic disease.

- Absence of malignant portal vein thrombosis.

- Platelet count more than 70,000/mm3

- Prothrombin time more than 50%.

- Written consent of patient.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Childs'C cirrhosis with liver mass.

- Liver mass >5cm in diameter.

- Number of liver masses more than 3

- Peripherally located masses with no hepatic parenchyma around

- Liver mass not discernable on ultrasound.

- Extra hepatic disease like RP adenopathy, distant metastasis.

- Coagulation disorders.

- Unwilling patient

Type of Study:

Interventional

Study Design:

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Outcome Measure:

Local tumor response

Outcome Time Frame:

2 years

Safety Issue:

No

Authority:

India: Institutional Review Board

Study ID:

23-16/11/2001

NCT ID:

NCT01438437

Start Date:

March 2001

Completion Date:

September 2015

Related Keywords:

  • Hepatocellular Carcinoma
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma
  • Radiofrequency ablation
  • Percutaneous acetic acid ablation
  • Tumour response
  • Carcinoma
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

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