Inclusion Criteria:

- Age 18 - 65 years.

- ASA 1-2.

- Sufficient comprehension of the Dutch spoken and written language.

- Elective curative breast cancer surgery, both mastectomy and breast- conserving
therapy

- Stage I and II breast cancer.

- Written informed consent is obtained

Exclusion Criteria:

- Previous breast surgery, both ipsilateral and contralateral.

- Stage III-IV breast cancer.

- Chronic pain (>3months) with an average severity of at least a VAS score 4 during the
last two weeks.

- Chronic pain for which invasive treatment is needed.

- Use of (weak / strong) opioids in the last week.

- A history of opioid addiction.

- Regular use of the following medications in the last year:

antiepileptics,antipsychotics and anxiolytics.

- ASA 3 or higher.

- Consumption of alcohol (>4 units) and / or drugs the evening before.

- Alcohol consumption (>= 5 units/day).

- Illiteracy, problems with self expression, language barrier.

- Serious vision and / or hearing problems, interfering the performance of the
experimental tasks.

- A history of psychiatric complaints and/or epilepsy .

- A medical history of CVA or TIA.