Inclusion Criteria

- INCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Greater than or equal to 18 and less than or equal to 50 years old, and have no
significant health abnormalities

2. Willing to consider taking part in a future influenza challenge study

3. Non-habitual smoker (habitual smokers are persons who smoke more than 4
cigarettes or other tobacco products on a weekly basis) and agree to not use
tobacco products during participation in any future influenza challenge study

4. A female subject is eligible for this study if she is any of the following:

- Of non-childbearing potential (i.e., women who have had a hysterectomy or tubal
ligation or are post-menopausal, as defined by no menses in greater than or equal to
1 year)

- Of childbearing potential but agrees to practice effective contraception or
abstinence (from heterosexual sex) for 4 weeks prior to enrolling into a specific
challenge study and during the study.

NOTE: Acceptable methods of contraception may include one or more of the following: 1)
male partner who is sterile prior to the female subject's entry into the study and is the
sole sexual partner for the female subject; 2) implants of levonorgestrel; 3) injectable
progestogen;, 4) an intrauterine device with a documented failure rate of less than
1percent; 5) oral contraceptives; or 6) double barrier methods including diaphragm or
condom with a spermicide.

5. Willing to have samples stored for future research

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Self-reported history of any significant medical condition including but not limited
to:

- Chronic pulmonary disease (such as asthma, emphysema)

- Chronic cardiovascular disease (cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure,
cardiac surgery, ischemic heart disease, known anatomic defects)

- Chronic medical conditions requiring close medical follow-up or hospitalization
during the past 5 years (diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction,
hemoglobinopathies)

- Immunosuppression or cancer

- Neurological and neuro-developmental conditions (e.g., cerebral palsy, epilepsy,
stroke, seizures)

- Drug and/or alcohol dependency and/or abuse

2. Individuals with close or household (i.e., share the same apartment or house)
high-risk contacts including but not limited to:

Persons 65 years of age or older

Children less than 5 years of age

Residents of nursing homes

Close contacts of any age with significant chronic medical conditions such as:

- Chronic pulmonary disease (e.g. asthma)

- Chronic cardiovascular disease (e.g. cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure,
cardiac surgery, ischemic heart disease, known anatomic defects)

- Neurological and neuro-developmental conditions (e.g. cerebral palsy, epilepsy,
stroke, seizures, etc.)

- Contacts who require medical follow-up or hospitalization during the past 5
years because of chronic disease (e.g. diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction,
hemoglobinopathies)

- Immunosuppression or cancer

- Children and teenagers who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy

- Women who are pregnant or trying to become pregnant or are breast feeding

3. Known allergy to any of the following:

- Treatments for influenza (i.e., oseltamivir, nonsteroidals)

- Antibiotics in two or more classes of antibiotics (i.e., beta-lactams,
cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones or glycopeptides [e.g. vancomycin])

4. Any condition that, in the judgment of the Principal Investigator, is a
contraindication to protocol participation or impairs the volunteer's ability to give
informed consent