Trial Information

Evaluation of 11 C-Choline PET-CT for Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)is the most frequent primitive tumour of the liver. Although
the histological examination remains the reference for the diagnosis, it may be difficult to
obtain biopsy material because of difficulty in getting to the lesion or due to their small
size. However, it is know that the size of the lesion remains a major prognostic factor,
implying the need for an earliest detection, which enhances the chance for curative
treatment.PET enables the study of changes in the glucidic or lipidic metabolism of cancer
cells. PET-CT, providing both metabolic and anatomic information, improves the performances
of this technique. PET with 18F-FDG has not been sensitive enough in the detection of HCC,
except in cases of low grade. Recently, several research studies reported that 11C-choline
PET has shown a high detection rate of well differentiated HCC, which is an early stage of
primary liver cancer.

The study include 30 patients presenting a suspicion of HCC with or without cirrhosis. Each
patient will be examined with two conventional imaging techniques, consisting in dynamic
magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography; alpha fetoprotein measurement will be
taken. PET-CT will be acquired after an intravenous injection of 11C-choline. The
11C-choline PET-CT performance for HCC diagnosis will be compare to histological analysis
obtained by a tumoral liver biopsy, or by using of the American Association for the study of
Liver Disease diagnostic criteria. In absence of the two criteria , the follow up within one
year will serve as a reference.