Inclusion Criteria

Inclusion criteria:

- scheduled for screening colonoscopy

- off NSAID or aspirin therapy in accordance with OHSU endoscopy clinic guidelines

- INR 0.90-1.20

- hemoglobin ≥ 13.5 (men) or 12.0 (women)

- platelets ≥100,000/μL

- Chem screen results within normal limits

- negative (serum or urine) pregnancy test done ≤7 days prior to colonoscopy for women
of childbearing potential only

- ASA performance status <2

Exclusion criteria:

- history of colon cancer or adenomatous polyps

- current smoker

- medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

- current oral steroid therapy

- current therapy with valproate or other pharmacological drugs associated with HDAC
inhibition

- use of oral antibiotics within 3 months prior to entry into study

- significant active medical illness which in the opinion of the investigator would
preclude collection/interpretation of colon tissue

- diagnosis of hemophilia, van Willebrand's disease or other bleeding disorder

- use of warfarin or other blood thinning agents

- inflammatory bowel disease.