Inclusion Criteria

INCLUSION CRITERIA

i. The patient is reviewed at a specialist neuro-oncology multi-disciplinary team (MDT).

ii. Stealth MRI (neuronavigation) will be performed prior to surgery.

iii. Imaging is evaluated by a neuro-radiologist and judged to have typical appearances of
a primary GBM

iv. Radical resection is judged to be realistic by the neurosurgeons at the MDT (i.e. NICE
criteria for the use of Carmustine wafers can be met)

v. WHO performance status 0 or 1

vi. Age ≥18

vii. Patient judged by MDT to be fit for standard radical aggressive therapy for GBM
(resection followed by RT with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide)

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

i. GBM thought to be transformed low grade or secondary disease

ii. The patient has not been seen by a specialist MDT.

iii. There is uncertainty about the radiological diagnosis

iv. 5-ALA or Carmustine wafers is contra-indicated (inc known or suspected allergies to
5-ALA or porphyrins, or acute or chronic types of porphyria)

v. Pregnant or lactating women

vi. Known or suspected HIV or other significant infection or comorbidity that would
preclude radical aggressive therapy for GBM

vii. Active liver disease (ALT or AST ≥5 x ULRR)

viii. Concomitant anti-cancer therapy except steroids

ix. History of other malignancies (except for adequately treated basal or squamous cell
carcinoma or carcinoma in situ) within 5 years

x. Previous brain surgery (including biopsy) or cranial radiotherapy

xi. Platelets <100 x109/L

xii. Mini mental status score <15