Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patient must have biopsy proven bladder cancer. Official pathology report reviewed
at the participating institution is required.

2. Bladder cancer must be clinical stage T1-T4, N0-1, M0. (AJCC 7th edition) or
refractory cis (carcinoma in situ).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Inability to give informed consent.

2. Prior major abdominal and pelvic open surgical procedures that would preclude a safe
robotic approach, as determined by the treating surgeon.

3. At the discretion of the treating surgeon, any pre-existing condition such as severe
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that precludes a safe initiation or maintenance
of pneumoperitoneum over a prolonged period of time and during surgery.

4. Age <18 or >99 years.

5. Pregnancy.