Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age < 65 years

2. Squamous cell carcinoma

3. Good performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] grades 0, 1 and 2)

4. Contrast enhanced computerized tomographic (CECT) scan suggesting a potentially
resectable lesion. The features of resectability assessed on CECT scan will include -
no evidence of infiltration of mediastinal structures such as the aorta (angle of
contact <900, no obliteration of the triangular fat space between the esophagus,
aorta, and spine), and pericardium20, and no evidence of tracheobronchial fistula or
tumor extension into the airway lumen.

5. No evidence of distant metastasis on CECT.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patient refused consent for the study

2. Comorbid conditions which would preclude oesophagectomy

- Poor performance status (ECOG > 2)

- American Society of Anesthesiologists class IV

3. Metastatic disease detected on evaluation

4. Involvement of mediastinal structures except

5. Carcinoma involving cervical esophagus

6. Previous radiotherapy or chemotherapy