A Phase II Study of the Orally Administered Negative Enantiomer of Gossypol (AT-101) in Patients With Advanced Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC)
Inclusion Criteria:
- Histologically or cytologically confirmed adrenocortical carcinoma
- Recurrent, metastatic, or primary unresectable disease
- Measurable disease, defined as ≥ 1 lesion accurately measured in ≥ 1 dimension as ≥
2.0 cm by conventional techniques or ≥ 1.0 cm by spiral CT scan
- No adrenocortical tumors that, in the Principal Investigator's opinion, are
potentially resectable by surgical excision alone
- No symptomatic or progressive brain metastases
- Patients with treated brain metastases ≥ 6 months prior to study who are
clinically and radiographically stable or improved and are off steroids are
eligible
- Must undergo an MRI of the brain or CT scan of the head with contrast ≤ 4 weeks
prior to study
- ECOG performance status (PS) 0-2 or Karnofsky PS 60-100%
- Life expectancy ≥ 12 weeks
- WBC ≥ 3,000/mm3
- ANC ≥ 1,500/mm3
- Platelet count ≥ 100,000/mm3
- Total bilirubin < 1.5 mg/dL
- AST and ALT ≤ 2.5 times upper limit of normal
- Serum creatinine ≤ 1.7 mg/dL or creatinine clearance ≥ 40 mL/min
- Able to take oral medications on a regular basis
- Not pregnant or nursing
- Negative pregnancy test
- Fertile patients must use effective contraception prior to, during, and for ≥ 1 month
after completion of study treatment
- No HIV positivity
- No uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, any of the
following:
- Ongoing or active infection
- Symptomatic congestive heart failure
- Unstable angina pectoris
- Cardiac arrhythmia
- Psychiatric illness or social situation that would limit compliance with study
requirements
- No condition or disease that significantly affects gastrointestinal (GI) function or
impairs the ability to swallow and retain oral medications including, but not limited
to, any of the following:
- GI tract disease or a requirement for IV alimentation
- Prior resection of the stomach or small bowel or surgical procedures affecting
absorption
- Active peptic ulcer disease
- Malabsorption syndrome
- Ulcerative colitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Partial or complete small bowel obstruction
- No other malignancy within the past 2 years except nonmelanoma skin cancer or in situ
cervical cancer
- No symptomatic hypercalcemia > grade 2
- No history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or
biological composition to R-(-)-gossypol acetic acid
- Fully recovered from prior surgical procedures and recovered to ≤ grade 1 from
adverse events due to previous treatments
- No prior racemic gossypol or R-(-)-gossypol acetic acid
- More than 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy, biologic therapy, major surgery, or
radiotherapy (≥ 6 weeks for carmustine or mitomycin C)
- Prior and concurrent mitotane and ketoconazole allowed for patients with hormonal
excess
- More than 4 weeks since prior and no concurrent treatment with another
investigational agent
- No concurrent prophylactic use of hematopoietic growth factors (e.g., filgrastim
[G-CSF], sargramostim [GM-CSF], interleukin-11) during the first course of study
treatment
- Not requiring routine use of platelet transfusions to maintain ANC or platelet count
above required thresholds
Exclusion Criteria:
- No concurrent combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive patients