A Randomized Phase II Trial With Bevacizumab, Irinotecan and Cerebral Radiotherapy Versus Bevacizumab, Temozolomide and Cerebral Radiotherapy as First Line Treatment for Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme
Inclusion Criteria
Inclusion criteria:
- Signed informed consent
- Histological verified primary glioblastoma multiforme
- No prior therapy for GBM, except for primary surgical resection or biopsy
- PS 0-2
- Age > 18
- Expected survival > 3 months
- Adequate liver, renal and bone-marrow function, determined as:
- Thrombocytes > 100 x 109/liter
- Hemoglobin >6.2 mmol/liter
- Leukocytes > 3 x 109/liter
- Neutrophil granulocytes > 1.5 x 109/liter
- ASAT and/or ALAT < 3 x upper normal limit
- Bilirubin < 1.5 x upper normal limit
- Serum-creatinin < upper normal limit or glomerular filtration rate >60 ml/min
(corrected for age) determined by measurement of clearance of Cr-EDTA
- APTT < upper normal limit
- INR < upper normal limit
- Fertile women of childbearing age must use proper anti-conception (oral
contraceptives, IUD and/or condom). Fertile men must use condom
- No sign of cerebral bleeding on cerebral MR-scanning at baseline.
Exclusion criteria:
- Previous therapy of GBM, including radiotherapy and the use of biological " targeted"
drug, e.g. drugs targeted against the VEGF- or EGFR pathway
- Concurrent use of medication that can affect the interpretation of the results from
the study, e.g. use of immunosuppressive drugs, except corticosteroids
- Conditions (medical, social or physical) that may compromise proper information
and/or follow-up
- Other concurrent or previous cancer within 5 years, except adequately treated basal
or planocellular skin cancer, or cervical carcinoma in situ
- Significant heart disease (according to the New York Heart Association class II or
more severe), clinically significant arrhythmia or unstable angina pectoris/acute
myocardial infarction within last 6 months
- Clinical significant peripheral arterial disease
- Known or suspected disorders of coagulation or concurrent therapy with ASA, NSAID or
clopidogrel
- Major surgery, open biopsy or greater trauma, or expectations thereof, within 28 days
prior to start of therapy
- Minor surgery or needle biopsy, or expectations thereof, within 7 days prior to start
of therapy
- Known or suspected abdominal fistulas, gastrointestinal perforations or
intra-abdominal abscesses within 6 months prior to start of therapy
- Chronic inflammatory intestinal disease and/or intestinal obstruction
- Known or active HIV or Hepatitis B/C infection
- Concurrent ongoing significant infection or diabetes mellitus not adequately
controlled medically
- Clinically significant non-healing ulcers
- Active ventricular or duodenal ulcers within 6 months prior to start of therapy
- Recent bone-fracture (<3 months)
- Pregnancy or lactation
- Need for systemic anticoagulant therapy at time of start of therapy
- Blood pressure > 150/100 mmHg (patients are allowed to receive proper
antihypertensive medication)
- Proteinuria ≥ 1 gram/day
- Known allergy toward irinotecan (or related substance) or vehicle
- Known allergy toward temozolomide (or related substance) or vehicle
- Known allergy toward bevacizumab (or related substance) or vehicle