Inclusion Criteria:

- Males, 35 years of age or older, with histologically confirmed prostate
adenocarcinoma, that is clinically localized to the prostate gland.

- Biopsy performed at the SPORE institution.

- No prior therapy for prostate cancer (patients who receive neoadjuvant therapy after
collection of blood and biopsy samples are eligible).

- The patient should have 2 or more cores involved with carcinoma. The minimum amount
of tumor submitted should be 5 mm, or at least 40% of the core involved with tumor.
(This amount can be made up from 2 positive cores if 1 core is insufficient).

- Patients with clinical stage T1-T2a NXM0 prostate cancer who elect to be treated with
RP or XRT (includes external beam radiation, brachytherapy, or both) at the SPORE
institution.

- Patients with a nomogram predicted 5-year probability of freedom from biochemical
recurrence (Kattan 1998) of less than or equal to 85% (patients with intermediate
risk of recurrence).

- Ability and willingness to sign informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

- Participation in a therapeutic clinical trial with an experimental agent.

- Previous cancer of any kind except non-melanoma skin cancer

- Previous surgical or minimally invasive treatment for enlarged prostate (e.g. TURP,
TUNA, TUIP, laser, microwave)

- Use of anti-androgen drugs during the 6 months prior to diagnosis

- Use of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors during the 6 months prior to diagnosis