Phase I Trial With a Combination of Docetaxel +153 Sm-EDTMP (Samarium 153) in Patients With Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer
18 Years
80 Years
Male
Prostate Cancer
Trial Information
Phase I Trial With a Combination of Docetaxel +153 Sm-EDTMP (Samarium 153) in Patients With Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer remains the leading cancer diagnosed in men in the USA. It is estimated that
232,090 new cases will be diagnosed in 2003, which account for about 30% of all cancer cases
diagnosed in men.(1) Prostate cancer is still the second leading cause of cancer death in
men (after lung cancer) in the US with estimated 28,900 men dying of prostate cancer in
2003. Although 79% of men will present with early stage disease (i.e., local or regional)
at the time of diagnosis, a substantial number of men will present with metastatic disease.
(2) Unfortunately many of the patients who present with local disease and are treated with
local therapy will eventually experience disease recurrence. Initial treatment for patients
with prostate cancer in advanced stages has been through androgen deprivation.
Approximately 85% of men will have an objective response to hormonal therapy initially but
eventually these patients will develop progressive and eventually fatal disease. Treatment
options for patients with HRPC include systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy and /or palliation of
symptoms (especially pain) (3). Single agent and combination chemotherapy regimens have been
associated objective response rates ranging from 40-70% in patients with HRPC (4). No
survival advantage has been shown with any treatment in phase III studies. More effective
systemic therapies are needed if we are to have an impact on the morbidity and mortality
caused by the disease. (5)
A newer bone targeted approach is the combination of radioisotopes with chemotherapy. In
addition to its inherent systemic benefits chemotherapeutic agents can also act as
radiosensitizers when combined with radiopharmaceutical. Preliminary clinical experience
with the combination of radiopharmaceuticals and systemic chemotherapy indicate that this
approach is feasible tolerable and potentially effective. In a randomized phase II trial
metastatic HRPC patients were treated with chemotherapy: Ketoconazole and Doxorubicin
alternating with Vinblastine and Estramustine (KAVE regimen). Seventy-two patients who were
stable or responded after 2-3 cycles were randomized to receive a consolidation treatment
with additional 6 weekly doxorubicin treatments with a single dose of 89Sr or weekly
doxorubicin alone. Patients receiving the combined consolidation treatment had a
significantly longer time to progression and survival (27.7 vs.16.8 months. P=0.0014).(20)
Docetaxel clearly represents the most active single agent for the treatment of metastatic
prostate cancer. The radiosensitizing properties of Docetaxel are well documented in
preclinical and clinical experiments. The most likely underlying mechanism is a G2M block in
the cell cycle induced by docetaxel and this will result in cycling cells at the most
radiosensitive phase of the cell cycle.
Besides a palliative role, current clinical and preclinical data suggest that a bone
targeted approach may represent a potentially useful component of the overall therapeutic
approach for metastatic prostate cancer. Randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trials
suggest that bisphosphonates and endothelin A antagonists may delay the progression of
prostate cancer in bone. These clinical observations of relatively large trials have
provided impetus for the design of large definitive studies to evaluate the role of various
bone targeted approaches for the treatment of prostate cancer.
The currently proposed trial represents a preliminary evaluation of the safety of the
docetaxel +153 Sm combination. This study may also provide important preliminary efficacy
information with this combination.
The combination regimen was designed to explore clinically the possible interactions between
docetaxel and samarium-153-EDTMP. The block in the G2/M phase following the administration
of docetaxel results in the accumulation of cells in the most radiosensitive phase of the
cell cycle. Pre-clinical data suggest that this is likely to occur 24-48hrs post
administration of docetaxel. This is followed 24 hours later by the administration of the
radiopharmaceutical which has a short physical half life of 46.3 hours. The bone uptake of
the complexed sm153- EDTMP molecule will be effectively taken up at the bone metastatic site
within this time interval. To target cells repopulating the cell cycle following the initial
block+ cell kill in the mitotic phase, we planned a Q3 week x 2 administration of docetaxel
on Day 1 and Day 22. Following a 8 week of rest (weeks 5 -12), treatment is repeated for a
maximum of 2 cycles or until the development of dose-limiting toxicity or disease
progression.
Samarium is given in 12 week intervals. Docetaxel is a radiosensitizer that has shown
activity in prostate cancer given to patients on both Q3 week and Q week schedules.
Based on a personal communication from Dr. Theodore DeWeese's (Johns Hopkins Hospital
Radiation Oncologist) preclinical data suggests that 24 hours after a dose of docetaxel,
there is a maximum G2M arrest. This represents the rationale for the bolus dose of
docetaxel for the combined schedule.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients age >18 with HRPC including patients who failed conventional systemic
treatments. Conventional eligibility criteria for HRPC are applicable, pain is not a
requisite.
- Histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate (metastatic) that is
unresponsive to hormone therapy.
- Evidence of progressive disease following appropriate hormonal deprivation. Disease
progression is defined by a confirmed PSA rise at least 1 week apart and/or evidence
of disease progression on bone scan, CT scan or physical examination.
- Evidence of progressing disease despite antiandrogen withdrawal (i.e., must have PSA
rise noted >four weeks following cessation of flutamide therapy, nilandron therapy.
For those patients treated with bicalutamide (Casodex), patients must have a rising
PSA noted >six weeks after cessation of therapy.
- For patients treated by medical means of gonadal ablation (GnRH analogues), or
estrogens, evidence of appropriate testosterone suppression should be obtained prior
to study entry (testosterone <50 ng/L). Continuation of gonadal androgen suppression
should be carried out with GnRH analogues only. Antiandrogens or other steroidal
compounds (except for dexamethasone used in this study) should be discontinued as
noted in section 4.1.3 prior to study entry. Patients receiving low dose (<10 mg of
prednisone/day) continuous corticosteroids >6 months, who present with objective
evidence of disease progression may continue on the steroids (prednisone 10 mg) and
are considered eligible. Prior orchiectomy is allowed and at least 4 weeks must have
elapsed since completion of surgery. Patients may not be receiving Megace.
- Patients must have metastatic disease documented within 28 days prior to study entry.
X-rays, scans, and physical exam of all measurable and non- measurable disease must
be completed within 28 days prior to study entry.
- No concomitant chemotherapeutic, biological response modifiers or radiation therapy.
At least 28 days must have lapsed since the last treatment with chemotherapy or
biological response modifiers.
- Patients may have received prior taxane treatment and is considered by the treating
physician as a candidate for further treatment with this class of compounds.
- ECOG performance status of 0-2 and life expectancy >3 months
- WBC ≥3500/ mm3, ANC ≥1500/ mm3,and platelet count ≥100,000/ mm3 and hemoglobin ≥8.0
g/dl.
- BUN <30 and serum creatinine <2.0 mg/dl.
- Total Bilirubin
- Recovered from major infections and/or surgical procedure and, in the opinion of the
investigator, not have significant active concurrent medical illness.
- No prior malignancy is allowed except for the following: adequately treated basal
cell or squamous cell skin cancer, adequately treated and controlled stage I or II
transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder or any other cancer from which the patient
has been disease-free for 5 years.
- Peripheral neuropathy must be
- Ability to understand and sign an IRB approved informed consent.
- Patient must agree to use effective contraception from the day of initiation of
treatment and for one year after completion of chemotherapy.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with a history of brain metastases.
- Uncontrolled medical problems (neurological, cardiovascular, or other illness
considered by the primary investigator as unwarranted high risk for investigational
drug treatment.
- Non adenocarcinoma cell type.
- Known hypersensitivity to steroids, docetaxel, polysorbate 80 or Samarium153.
- Patients who received > whole pelvic radiation for therapeutic or palliative reasons
are excluded from study.
- Peripheral neuropathy ≥ grade 1
Type of Study:
Interventional
Study Design:
Allocation: Non-Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment
Outcome Measure:
To determine a recommended phase II dose (RP2D)
Outcome Time Frame:
6 months
Principal Investigator
Mario A. Eisenberger, M.D.
Investigator Role:
Principal Investigator
Investigator Affiliation:
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authority:
United States: Institutional Review Board
Study ID:
J0467
NCT ID:
NCT00559429
Start Date:
December 2004
Completion Date:
October 2008
Related Keywords:
- Prostate Cancer
- Prostate Cancer
- Prostatic Neoplasms
Name | Location |
|---|---|
| The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Building | Baltimore, Maryland 21230 |
