Inclusion Criteria:

Chemotherapy Group:

- Female

- Histologically documented invasive carcinoma of the breast treated with modified
radical mastectomy or lumpectomy

- Axillary node dissection

- Chemotherapy alone or in addition to tamoxifen as an appropriate treatment option

Surgery Group:

- Female

- Newly diagnosed carcinoma of the breast diagnosed either by cytology or pathological
examination, OR if no biopsy, a strong clinical suspicion of malignancy

- Clinical stage I or II disease

- Candidate for breast conserving surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

Chemotherapy Group:

- Candidate for CEF chemotherapy

- Clinical evidence of metastatic disease

- Serious comorbidity that would preclude receiving chemotherapy treatment

- Unable to speak or read English fluently (including visual impairment)

- Mentally incompetent including any psychiatric or addictive disorders that would
preclude shared decision-making

Surgery Group:

- Previous surgery for breast cancer

- Previous breast irradiation

- Pregnant

- Clinical suspicion of bilateral breast cancer

- Serious comorbidity that would preclude definitive surgery

- Unable to speak or read English fluently (including visual impairment)

- Mentally incompetent including any psychiatric or addictive disorder that would
preclude shared decision making