Inclusion Criteria:

- Histological or cytological proof of NSCLC

- Stage I, II, or IIIA NSCLC based upon clinical staging

- The primary lesion appears technically appropriate for surgical resection, based on
information from the chest x-ray (CXR) and CT thorax.

- Age over 18 years

Exclusion Criteria:

- Poor pulmonary function precluding radical surgery (inadequate pulmonary reserve for
radical surgery) with predicted post-resection forced expiratory volume in 1 second
(FEV1) < 0.8 liter or < 40% predicted, and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon
monoxide (DLCO) < 40% predicted

- Poor performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] 3-4)

- Significant concurrent medical problems (e.g. uncontrolled diabetes, active cardiac
problems, significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) making the patient unfit
for surgery

- Pregnant or lactating females

- Unable to lie supine for imaging with PET

- Patients with previously treated cancer other than non-melanotic skin cancer or
carcinoma in situ of the cervix, unless disease-free for 5 years or greater

- Patients who, at the time of the initial evaluation, have already undergone a whole
body PET/PET-CT, CT brain, MRI brain, total body bone scan or mediastinoscopy within
8 weeks prior to randomization will be excluded. However, patients who have had a CT
scan of the thorax with abdomen are not excluded.

- Failure to provide informed consent