Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To determine whether screening with digital rectal examination (DRE) plus serum
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can reduce mortality from prostate cancer in men aged 55-74
at entry.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To assess screening variables, other than mortality, for each of the interventions
including sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value.
II. To assess the incidence, stage, and survival of cancer cases. III. To investigate the
mortality predictive value of biologic and/or prognostic characterizations of tumor tissue
as intermediate endpoints.
IV. To conduct biomolecular and genetic research into factors associated with cancer
carcinogenesis and promotion, as well as the early detection of these factors.
OUTLINE: Participants in the overall PLCO study are stratified by screening center, gender,
and age (55-59 vs 60-64 vs 65-69 vs 70-74). Participants are randomized to 1 of 2 arms
(control vs screening).
ARM I (Control): Participants receive standard medical care. Participants complete a Diet
History Questionnaire (DHQ) at baseline.
ARM II (Prostate Screening): Participants undergo blood sample collection for PSA analysis
at baseline and annually for 5 years. Serum that is not used in the study will be stored in
an NCI biorepository. Participants also undergo a DRE at baseline and annually for 3 years.
A scheduling and tracking procedure is implemented to ensure regular attendance at repeat
screens for participants screened negative or for those who are designated suspicious or
positive at screening but for whom subsequent diagnostic procedures do not reveal prostate
cancer (follow-up diagnostic procedures are through their own medical care environment).
Participants diagnosed with prostate cancer via a screening test are referred for treatment
in accordance with current accepted practice for appropriate stage of disease, patient age,
and medical condition; a procedure is provided for contact with qualified medical personnel
to insure appropriate therapy.
Participants complete a Dietary Questionnaire (DQX) at baseline and DHQ at year 3. An Annual
Study Update (ADU) (previously referred to as the Periodic Survey of Health [PSH]
questionnaire) is mailed to each participant annually for 13 years to identify all prevalent
and incident prostate cancers as all deaths that occur among both screened and control
subjects during the trial.
After completion of screening, participants are followed up for at least 13 years.
Interventional
Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Single Blind (Investigator), Primary Purpose: Screening
Prostate cancer-specific mortality rate
Event rates defined as the ratio of the number of events (deaths) to the person-years at the risk for the event.
Up to 13 years
Yes
Christine Berg
Principal Investigator
Mark O Hatfield-Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center
United States: Institutional Review Board
NCI-2012-01755
NCT00002540
November 1993
Name | Location |
---|---|
Mark O Hatfield-Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center | Bethesda, Maryland 20892 |